BSc/BS notes on “Modern Physics” is given below. These are very helpful in the preparation of Mechanics paper for Bsc for any university of Pakistan.

Quantum Physics
In physics, a quantum is the minimum amount of any physical entity involved in an interaction. Behind this, one finds the fundamental notion that a physical property may be “quantized,” referred to as “the hypothesis of quantization”.This means that the magnitude can take on only certain discrete…read more and download.

Wave Nature of Particles
The electromagnetic radiations like light, X-rays etc., can produce the phenomenon of interference, diffraction and polarization due to their wave nature. But under certain circumstances they can produce photoelectric effect and Compton Effect which is the evidence of their particle…read more and download.

Nuclear Physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies the constituents and interactions of atomic nuclei. The most commonly known applications of nuclear physics are nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons technology, but the research has provided application in many fields, including those in nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology…read more and download.

Energy From Nucleus
Energy from Nucleus or Nuclear Energy usually means the part of the energy of an atomic nucleus, which can be released by fusion or fission or radioactive…read more and download.